Reading the annual reports…
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Finland
In shortUpm-kymmene OYJ is profitable, generates cash and carries moderate debt, with revenue shrinking (−6.6% last year).
Financial health
Solid
Built from five areas over the last five annual reports. Tap an area to see the figures behind it.
| Operating marginShare of each sale left after running the business, before interest and tax. | 7.8% | 43/100 |
|---|---|---|
| Net marginShare of each sale left as profit after every cost, interest and tax. | 5.0% | 40/100 |
| Return on equityProfit earned on the money shareholders put in. Above 15% is strong. | 4.5% | 23/100 |
| Return on invested capitalProfit earned on all the capital used (equity and debt). Above 10% usually means a real competitive edge. | 3.9% | 26/100 |
Weight in the score: 25%
| Current ratioShort-term assets divided by short-term debts. Below 1 can mean tight cash. | – | n/a |
|---|---|---|
| Debt / equityDebt compared with the shareholders' stake. Above 2 is heavily indebted. | 0.38× | 90/100 |
| Net debt / EBITDAYears of operating profit needed to repay net debt. Below 2 is comfortable. | 2.29× | 49/100 |
| Interest coverageHow many times operating profit covers interest. Below 2 is risky. | – | n/a |
| Altman Z''Bankruptcy-risk model. Above 2.6 safe, below 1.1 distress. | – | n/a |
Weight in the score: 25%
| Free cash flow marginCash left from each sale after investments. The money that can pay dividends or reduce debt. | 14.6% | 78/100 |
|---|---|---|
| Free cash flow / net incomeHow much accounting profit turns into real cash. Near 1 or above is healthy. | 2.93× | 100/100 |
| Years with positive free cash flow (last 5) | 5 of 5 | 100/100 |
Weight in the score: 20%
| Profitable years (last 5) | 5 of 5 | 100/100 |
|---|---|---|
| Years of revenue decline (last 5) | 3 of 5 | 0/100 |
| Revenue growth volatility | 13.2% | 62/100 |
| Operating margin volatility | 5.5% | 59/100 |
Weight in the score: 20%
| Revenue growth, 3-year average | -6.3% | 0/100 |
|---|---|---|
| EPS growth, 3-year average | -31.7% | 0/100 |
Weight in the score: 10%
Fiscal year 2025 · change vs prior year
European data comes from annual reports in ESEF format (since 2020). Industry and ticker are not provided by this source.
Annual figures as reported. Hover a bar or point for the exact value.
1 older year available with the 10-year history. Essential plan, from €8.25/month →
The last 5 fiscal years from the company's annual reports.
EUR millions; negative values in parentheses.
| Fiscal year | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 9,814 | 11,720 | 10,460 | 10,339 | 9,656 |
| Operating income | 1,562 | 1,974 | 608 | 604 | 749 |
| Interest expense | 12 | 55 | 70 | – | – |
| Pre-tax income | 1,548 | 1,944 | 464 | 500 | 690 |
| Income tax | 240 | 388 | 71 | 37 | 200 |
| Net income | 1,286 | 1,526 | 388 | 436 | 480 |
| Diluted EPS | €2.41 | €2.86 | €0.73 | €0.82 | €0.91 |
1 older year available with the 10-year history. Essential plan, from €8.25/month →
Not computed: a required balance-sheet item is missing.
Not computed: it needs two consecutive complete years.
All figures: filings.xbrl.org (ESEF). Ratios and scores are computed by Scorvest (see how it works). Information only, not investment advice. How it works
Latest annual report: Dec 31, 2025 · Data updated Mar 4, 2026